Observing Tomb Sweeping Day in China

Tomb Sweeping Day (æ ¸â€¦Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¨Å â€š, QÄ «ngmà ­ng jià ©) is a one-day Chinese holiday that has been celebrated in China for centuries. The day is meant to commemorate and pay respect to a person’s ancestors. Thus, on Tomb Sweeping Day, families visit and clean the gravesite of their ancestors to show their respect. In addition to visiting cemeteries, people also go for walks in the countryside, plant willows, and fly kites. Those who cannot travel back to their ancestors’ gravesites may opt to pay their respects at martyrs parks to pay homage to revolutionary martyrs. When Is Tomb Sweeping Day? Tomb Sweeping Day is held 107 days after the start of winter and is celebrated on April 4 or April 5, depending on the lunar calendar. Tomb Sweeping Day is a national holiday in China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan with most people having the day off from work or school to allow time to travel to ancestral gravesites. Origins Tomb Sweeping Day is based on the Hanshi Festival, which is also known as the Cold Food Festival and Smoke-Banning Festival. While the Hanshi Festival is no longer celebrated today, it has gradually been absorbed into Tomb Sweeping Day festivities. The Hanshi Festival commemorated Jie Zitui, a loyal court official from the Spring and Autumn Period. Jie was a loyal minister to Chong Er. During a civil war, Prince Chong Er and Jie fled and were in exile for 19 years. According to legend, Jie was so loyal during the duo’s exile that he even made broth out of the flesh of his leg to feed the prince when they were short of food. When Chong Er later became king, he rewarded those who helped him when times were tough; however, he overlooked Jie. Many advised Jie to remind Chong Er that he, too, should be repaid for his loyalty. Instead, Jie packed his bags and relocated to the mountainside. When Chong Er discovered his oversight, he was ashamed. He went to look for Jie in the mountains. The conditions were harsh and he was unable to find Jie. Someone suggested that Chong Er set fire to the forest to force Jie out. After the king set fire to the forest, Jie didn’t appear. When the fire was extinguished, Jie was found dead with his mother on his back. He was under a willow tree and a letter written in blood was found in a hole in the tree. The letter read: Giving meat and heart to my lord, hoping my lord will always be upright. An invisible ghost under a willow Is better than a loyal minister beside my lord. If my lord has a place in his heart for me, please make self-reflection when remembering me. I have a clear conscious in the nether world, being pure and bright in my offices year after year. To commemorate Jie’s death, Chong Er created the Hanshi Festival and ordered that no fire could be set on this day. Meaning, only cold food could be eaten. One year later, Chong Er went back to the willow tree to hold a memorial ceremony and found the willow tree in bloom again. The willow was named ‘Pure Bright White’ and the Hanshi Festival became known as ‘Pure Brightness Festival.’ Pure Brightness is a fitting name for the festival because the weather is usually bright and clear in early April. How Is Tomb Sweeping Day Celebrated? Tomb Sweeping Day is celebrated with families reuniting and traveling to their ancestors’ gravesites to pay their respects. First, weeds are removed from the gravesite and the tombstone is cleaned and swept. Any necessary repairs to the gravesite are also made. New earth is added and willow branches are placed atop the gravesite. Next, joss sticks are placed by the grave. The sticks are then lit and an offering of food and paper money is placed at the tomb. Paper money is burned while family members show their respect by bowing to their ancestors. Fresh flowers are placed at the tomb and some families also plant willow trees. In ancient times, five-colored paper was placed underneath a stone on the grave to signify that someone had visited the grave and that it had not been abandoned. As cremation is gaining popularity, families continue the tradition by making offerings at ancestral altars or by placing wreaths and flowers at martyrs’ shrines. Due to hectic work schedules and the long distance some families must travel, some families opt to mark the festival earlier or later in April over a long weekend or assign a few family members to make the trip on behalf of the entire family. Once the family has paid their respects at the gravesite, some families will have a picnic at the gravesite. Then, they take advantage of the usually good weather to take a walk in the countryside, known as è ¸ Ã© â€™ (Tà  qÄ «ng), hence another name for the festival — Taqing Festival. Some people wear a willow twig on their heads to keep ghosts away. Another custom includes picking shepherd’s purse flower. Women also pick herbs and make dumplings with them and they also wear the shepherd’s purse flower in their hair. Other traditional activities on Tomb Sweeping Day include playing tug-of-war and swinging on swings. It is also a good time for sowing and other agricultural activities, including planting willow trees.

False Memories Of Sexual Abuse - 2089 Words

False memory is a term for the event of an individual remembering information or events they were not exposed to. Jerwen and Flores (2013) defined it as the creation of a memory about an event that an individual did not experience. They point out, â€Å"although not being able to remember something is a memory problem, ‘remembering’ something that did not happen can be as serious a problem.† The seriousness of this problem is exemplified in the cases of individuals creating false memories of sexual abuse as a result of therapy. These types of events caused vast amounts of research to be done on the topic. The Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm has been one of the most popular in false memory research and it continues to be a topic of interest today. A search of â€Å"DRM† in all text and â€Å"False Memory† in subject terms, using PsycINFO, gave results of 560 peer-reviewed articles published in research journals within the last five years (2011-2016). There have been critics of the usefulness of the DRM paradigm. I want to bring their issues to light and attempt to persuade that the DRM paradigm is limited in the evidence it can add to the false memory research and suggest alternative paradigms. The Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) Paradigm The DRM is of the most commonly used paradigms of inducing false memories for research. It was created when Roediger and McDermott’s (1995) improved a technique and resources first employed by Deese (1959) in a memory study to study false memory.Show MoreRelatedThe Validity of Recovered Memories1685 Words   |  7 PagesDefense Paper One: The Validity of Recovered Memories The sudden recovery of repressed memories from a traumatic event such as childhood sexual abuse can be both validating and confusing for clients that are seeking help with various problems. These new memories might be able to help client identify the cause of their feelings and issues that are affecting their life. 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I did however find it very interesting to research and my beliefsRead MoreThe Repressed Mind Of Victims That The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )956 Words   |  4 PagesResearchers, J. Douglas Bremner, Katherine Krause Shobe and John K. Kihlstrom establish in their study on the repressed mind of victims that the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) that women of childhood sexual abuse exhibited poorer memory for words that had been recently studied and increased insertions of alternative words other than critical lures (Bremner, Shobe, Kihlstrom, 2000). Post-trauma tic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the Mayo Clinic, Is a mental health condition that s triggeredRead MoreThe Role Of Forensic Interviews On Children s Capacities And Limitations1625 Words   |  7 Pagesit’s usually about being victims of child abuse and neglect. Child abuse has been around for centuries, but wasn’t addressed as an injustice to children until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. 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Categorized into three different groups, altar selves serve as a safety net for the individual, taking the memories out of the conscious mind and walling off the unwanted recollections. Interestingly, altar selves maintain different abilities, ages, dislikes

Aviation English Language

Question: Discuss the importance of English language in aviation industry. Answer: Introduction: The paper chooses aviation for the research topic. It deals with the importance of English language in aviation industry as communication takes the biggest part in the industry. Methodology: The three research articles are studied for research, each of them on aviation industry. The article requires analyzing the need for language and education, setting and job outlook of the industry (Van der Linden 2015). Finally, an interview is processed for research with a pilot for knowing the industry in and out. Results and analysis: Education regarding hospitality, management, communication and pilot trainings is needed for a perfect aviation industry (Sasson and Haukoos 2013). The easy phonetic form of English is used for communication. Conclusion: The research paper deals with major key factors related to aviation the industry. References: Sasson, C. and Haukoos, J., 2013. Learning to Fly Lessons for the Resuscitation Community From the Aviation Industry.Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes,6(2), pp.135-136. Van der Linden, F.R., 2015.Airlines and Air Mail: The Post Office and the Birth of the Commercial Aviation Industry. University Press of Kentucky.

IVANHOE Essays - Facial Expressions, English-language Films, Sneer

~Spectrical breeze streamed into the sumptuous land, as illusive mist of murkiness has creeped in, fulminating his uncanny breath, giving such a zealous chill around the room. As he sneaked into the garden, his opaque glances so very, grand luminous. As he strides to the shelter in the celestial garden, his exterior of fine linens, give a quite glow in the stellary dark. His robusted and vigrous body seemingly noticed through his haggard clothes. Tired and hungry from a vehemented heat from traveling, he finds a lustrous creature lay dwelling upon the majestic grounds. Breath taken away by an extraordinary beauty caught at the corner of his eye. Feeling a slight chill as hast taken over him. Never has he been this cold, for this monstrous creature was emblazoned by the unqique surroundings. He huskily hisses with his face scrunched up to figure the hellious creature luring around in every corner. ~ " Greetings lovely damsel" ~ He sneers a grin at this creature as he studies her featu res on her face, her radiant skin so flawless, and her beautiful sexy tender legs lay revealing for a demon to have a satisfied meal, though he solemnly calms himself of thinking of his past bloodly deadly kill. He chuckles a devious smirk as he greets her~

Accounting Considerations of Healthcare Mergers Essays

Accounting Considerations of Healthcare Mergers Essays Accounting Considerations of Healthcare Mergers Paper Accounting Considerations of Healthcare Mergers Paper Health care is a necessity not a want. For, people get sick and the hospitals and other health care providers are there to intervene so that the patients’ lives will be prolonged. Yes, prolonged provided the patient has the money   to pay for such health care help. The state has stepped in by saying that not for profit hospitals should not distribute the profits to the stockholders but instead use it to pay for the daily operating expenses of the hospitals. The following paragraphs explains the role of the certified public accountants to help even the playing field between the health care providers and the health care users. BODY ARTICLE 1 The article The Corrosive Combination of Nonprofit Monopolies and U.S. Style Health Insurance: Implications for Antitrust Merger Policy (Richmond, 2007) shows that health care costs are rising. Thus, the world alarm must be turned on to awaken everybody. Further, there ought to be an antitrust investigation into the entire health care process. Meaning that the courts of justice must now take a lawful stand on   the possible antitrust liabilities of the hospitals in terms of concentration. The arguments have heated up because the there is doubt as to   how the not for profit hospitals dictate their hospital bills. For, the courts of law have already decided in 1994 that not for profit hospitals should literally implement their no profits policy. This policy of not for profit means that the profits of the hospitals will be used solely for the payment of the daily hospital operating expenses and costs   and not a single cent will be given to the stockholders of the company. Also, many hospitals have entered into a supracompetitive and supramonopoly of the prices of   their healthcare services. For, the current increases in the prices of healthcare costs is caused by the â€Å"increasing suppy-side market power as a result of hospital consolidations and the growth of provider organizations. Clearly, many quarters in the United States are bent on asking the help of government authorities like the federal antitrust enforcers to finally cut the doings of these hospitals in their tracks now. For, this growing hospital monopoly of dictating what the patients have to pay for their health needs should not be made a mere ‘market’ economy. However, many of the antitrust officers   have been receiving the losing end of the debates over such hospital mergers. To date, the Federal Trade Commission, Department of Justice and the state antitrust enforcers have bonded together to challenge   many proposed hospital mergers. Dismally, their record shows that they have loss seven cases and have not yet won a single case as the formidable healthcare providers. This has prompted the comment that the antitrust officers and their companions are up against a brick wall for having a very uncertain and decreasing future.   However, many have expressed sympathy for the hospitals for increasing their prices in the real world. For these not for profit hospitals have are in a business world and have to survive like the other business organizations too. ARTICLE 2 The article Who says it’s a fair deal(Sweeny, 1999) states that many people have their own biases regarding what is fair and what is an abuse of power or authority. In fact, the Securities and Exchange Commission receive financial statement data that shows the ‘fairness’ of the companies’   presentation of their balance sheet, income statement and the statement of cash flows. However, what may be fair to one party may not be as fair to another party. Meaning, to the hospital increases in health care prices may be fair to the hospitals themselves but could be interpreted by the   lying in and out patients to be too abuse of their pricing powers with the high cost of hospital care nowadays. In reality, these ‘fairness’ opinions are the standard opinions issued by the certified public accountants on clients that they have audited. This means that all the users of the financial statements are being dosed a cotton of assurance by the external auditors that the company is presenting their assets, liabilities, capital revenues and expenses without imposing bias to favor one party to the detriment of the other parties. Definitely, ‘fairness’ should not be construed by the general public as CORRECT or PERFECT   or RIGHT. Admittedly, these ‘fairness’ assurance opinions issued by the external auditors will give a better assurance to the stockholders, the managers, the customers, the companies’ suppliers, the creditors, the companies’ labor unions, the government tax agencies, the government’s regulatory agencies, the employees and the board of directors   a better financial statement to use as reference for their day to day decision making processes. Indeed, an audited financial statement would give better trustworthiness than financial statements that are not audited. For, the shareholders like the stockholders need the financial statements to decide whether to invest more money into the business or hospital or to withdraw their money. For, an investor would definitely not invest his or her hard earned money on a business that does not make the grade. Making the grade means that the revenues of the business or hospital should be more than the costs and expenses of running such outfits. If the reverse happens, then a net loss will surely drive away the current investors as well as the prospectively new investors. The external auditors are COMPULSORILY external certified public accountant who are professionally trained to advise the management of companies on how best to present financial statements ‘fairly’.

Ambivalent Conquest

Ambivalent Conquest An Overview of the Book In the Ambivalent Conquest, the author, Inga Clendinnen examines the Mayan trials initiated by Diego De Landa when he visited the Yucatan in 1561. Landa’s inquisition was motivated by reports of human sacrifice purportedly performed by the Mayans, whom he believed had been converted to Christianity[1].Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Ambivalent Conquest specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Landa set out to eliminate the pagan practice of sacrifice of young women from a region that was under his control. He had brought Christianity to the natives and instituted a royal court to try Spanish soldiers who had committed crimes against the natives[2]. However, the relapse into pagan worship made him to set up harsh trials against the natives in a bid to root out the practice. Clendinnen attempts to explain Landa’s actions when he served as a rights activist and as an inquisitor. The author uses Landa’s pieces of writing, including the ‘Relacion’, to explore why Landa advocated for justice for torture victims (natives), but later punished the natives who offered human sacrifices[3]. In the book, Clendinnen analyzes the different issues raised by historians and scholars about Landa’s inhumane actions against the natives. She carefully explores the historical contexts, incidents, and controversies surrounding the Mayan culture and way of life. Overall, the book provides a compelling argument on the subject of Landa’s role before and after Yucatan’s Spanish invasion. Clendinnen’s Main Argument The book presents the author’s narrative in a clear and unequivocal manner. The author’s monogram is clear, detailed, and replete with facts. However, the information bountiful information provided makes it difficult to understand the book’s thesis. The book’s chapters, the monogram, and the conclusio n do not explain the author’s central argument. Clendinnen’s main argument relates to her attitude and views about the Mayan culture. The author writes that Landa treated the Maya people with love and thus, felt betrayed when they left Christianity and returned to their heathen practices[4]. Thus, in a bid to correct them, he instituted harsh inquisition trials against them. In the author’s view, Although Landa did not intend to the Maya people, his punishment was unjustifiably severe. She argues that the inquisitions gave Landa another opportunity to redeem the lost souls of people he considered his sons and daughters. Previously, Landa had sought justice for the Maya people who had been tortured by the Spanish military and thus, his inquisition trials were not meant to eliminate them, but rather to save them[5].Advertising Looking for book review on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mor e This interesting argument underscores the author’s perspectives on Landa’s actions towards the Maya people. She argues that Landa’s actions during the Mayan trials, though very severe at the time compared to other inquisitions, were justified. To reinforce this argument, the author describes the procedures were used during the inquisition and observes that Landa was fair in deciding who to be punished. Moreover, the author seems to believe that Landa had the authority and jurisdiction to oversee the trials. The inquisition was instituted in 1230 C.E. to fight paganism and heathen practices in parts of Europe[6]. It, however, led to the persecution of small religious sects by the Catholic Church. The Dominicans and Franciscans later dominated the inquisition, but received orders from the Papal Bull[7]. At the time, Landa was an appointed Franciscan Order who had arrived in Yucatan in 1549. He initiated the trials in 1561 without waiting for the orders o f the appointed Bishop who was on his way to the Yucatan. The author argues that Landa’s actions were excessively severe and cannot be construed as disciplinary. Methods and Evidence The author uses Landa’s own books on his Yucatan trip to explore his perspective on the inquisition trials. She uses the Landa’s book titled the Relacion de la Cosas de Yucatec to explain Landa’s perspective about the trials and his earlier opposition against the Spanish incursion in Yucatan. This primary source allowed the author to articulate Landa’s perspective on the subject. Clendinnen also presents her narrative through a monograph on Landa’s actions between 1517 and 1570. In the monograph, she provides detailed information and her perspective on this historical subject. Thus, her use of various primary sources, including those authored by Landa lends credence to her analysis of the historical injustices meted against the Maya during Landa’s inquisi tion trials. Moreover, Clendinnen’s monograph on this topic gives important insights into the Mayan culture and life. She presents her perspective in a way that does not criticize prevalent social, religious, and political conditions during this time. Strengths and Weakness of the Book In this book, Clendinnen attempts to explain Landa’s actions when he championed for the rights of the Maya people and when he established trials against them. One of the strengths of this book relates to the author’s use of primary sources of information, including books authored by Landa, to support her argument.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Ambivalent Conquest specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As aforementioned, this makes her argument compelling to the reader. Among the sources used is Landa’s ‘Relacion’ in which he explains the rationales for his ambivalent conquest. The author also explores the controversial issues surrounding this conquest. Another major strength of the book is the inclusion of the author’s monograph. The monograph presents the historical facts and perspectives without condemning the Catholic Church, the Spanish military, the Dominicans, or the Franciscans. The monograph is also presented in a clear and readable manner. The narrative captivates the reader, as it is straightforward. However, some aspects of this book make it inadequate. One of the weaknesses of this book is that the author’s thesis is not clear. Although Clendinnen organizes her narrative into different chapters, a monograph, and a conclusion, she does not clearly state her argument from the outset. Her failure to state the book’s thesis made her argument vague and equivocal. Clendinnen at some point writes that the Mexican Provincial Council had by 1555 put in place clear policies and procedures on how inquisitions are conducted, which Landa should have followed[8]. However, she does not provide a relevant citation to support this assertion. Clendinnen portrays Landa as a patriarchal leader whose actions were so severe and inhumane. It is difficult to determine whether the Yucatan leaders were familiar with the Mexican Council’s inquisition order. Despite Clendinnen’s assertion, Landa may not have been familiar with such an order, which explains his inhumane actions. Significance of the Book The book’s account of Landa’s actions reveals the historical injustices meted against the Maya people. It shows Landa’s role in liberating them from the Spanish incursion, his missionary work, and inhumane trials against the natives who had strayed to heathen practices. It underscores Landa’s sincere quest for the revival of the Mayans, which, however, subjected them to torture and inhumane treatment. Bibliography Clendinnen Inga. Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniards in Yucatan, 1517-1570.Advertisin g Looking for book review on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Footnotes Inga Clendinnen. Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniards in Yucatan, 1517-1570. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 17 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 25 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 25 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 121 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 78 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 43 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 71 Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests, 212

Theory Analysis of Madeline Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity and Essay

Theory Analysis of Madeline Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity and Universality Theory - Essay Example 62). Simplicity/Parsimony It’s argued that this theoretical perspective is not that of an overarching nursing theory, but instead simply offers theoretical insight into the nature of the cultural aspects of the nurse and client relationship without utilizing a reductionist methodology. In further articulating her theoretical perspective, Leidinger advanced a number of simplified terminologies to better convey the theory of cultural diverse care. Within this mode of understanding some of the primary such definitions include the understanding of care as, â€Å"to assist others with real or anticipated needs in an effort to improve a human condition of concern or to face death† and that of cultural care accommodation as, â€Å"creative nursing actions that help people of a particular culture adapt to or negotiate with oth- ers in the healthcare community in an effort to attain the shared goal of an optimal health outcome for client(s) of a designated culture† (Leidi nger pg. 8). These simplified definitions represent core elements of Leidinger’s theoretical perspective.